Math 151-005 Lab 10/24/08 Michael Pelsmajer and Jiariu Yang
Solutions are due Tuesday. Please submit via Blackboard.Helpful reminder: Don't reuse the same names. For example, if I show you a plot called A2, and you are supposed to make some similar plots, give your plots different names; for example yours could be called A2v2, A2v3, etc.Linear ApproximationConsider a differentiable function 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.
In class, we learned that the linear approximation to f at x = a is
L(x) = f ' (a) (x - a) + f (a) .
That is, the tangent line to y = f(x) at x = a is:
y = f ' (a) (x - a) + f (a) ,and we can use it to approximate 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 when LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== is near LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiYUYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== .ExampleA linear approximation to 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 at 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 .restart:with(plots):with(plottools):L := x -> cos(Pi/6)*(x - Pi/6) + sin(Pi/6); A := plot( [sin,L], 0..Pi/3, color=[black,red] ):
B := point( [Pi/6,sin(Pi/6)], color=black):
display(A, B);You can see that when LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== is near LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictSSZtZnJhY0dGJDYoLUYjNiMtRiw2JVElJnBpO0YnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lLG1hdGh2YXJpYW50R1Enbm9ybWFsRictRiM2Iy1JI21uR0YkNiRRIjZGJ0Y6LyUubGluZXRoaWNrbmVzc0dRIjFGJy8lK2Rlbm9tYWxpZ25HUSdjZW50ZXJGJy8lKW51bWFsaWduR0ZILyUpYmV2ZWxsZWRHRjlGKw== , 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 (the red line) approximates 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 (the black curve).For example:evalf(sin(0.6)); evalf(L(0.6));Linear Approximation, Part 1This linear approximation at x = LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictSSZtZnJhY0dGJDYoLUYjNiMtRiw2JVElJnBpO0YnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lLG1hdGh2YXJpYW50R1Enbm9ybWFsRictRiM2Iy1JI21uR0YkNiRRIjZGJ0Y6LyUubGluZXRoaWNrbmVzc0dRIjFGJy8lK2Rlbm9tYWxpZ25HUSdjZW50ZXJGJy8lKW51bWFsaWduR0ZILyUpYmV2ZWxsZWRHRjlGKw== is pretty accurate near LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictSSZtZnJhY0dGJDYoLUYjNiMtRiw2JVElJnBpO0YnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lLG1hdGh2YXJpYW50R1Enbm9ybWFsRictRiM2Iy1JI21uR0YkNiRRIjZGJ0Y6LyUubGluZXRoaWNrbmVzc0dRIjFGJy8lK2Rlbm9tYWxpZ25HUSdjZW50ZXJGJy8lKW51bWFsaWduR0ZILyUpYmV2ZWxsZWRHRjlGKw== ,
but it gets worse as x gets far from LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictSSZtZnJhY0dGJDYoLUYjNiMtRiw2JVElJnBpO0YnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lLG1hdGh2YXJpYW50R1Enbm9ybWFsRictRiM2Iy1JI21uR0YkNiRRIjZGJ0Y6LyUubGluZXRoaWNrbmVzc0dRIjFGJy8lK2Rlbm9tYWxpZ25HUSdjZW50ZXJGJy8lKW51bWFsaWduR0ZILyUpYmV2ZWxsZWRHRjlGKw== .When we use an approximation of 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 at LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiYUYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== , we want a guarantee that the approximation is quite accurate when LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== is close enough to LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiYUYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== .The error of this approximation is LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2JS1JI21vR0YkNi1RKSZ2ZXJiYXI7RicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ25vcm1hbEYnLyUmZmVuY2VHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUqc2VwYXJhdG9yR0Y6LyUpc3RyZXRjaHlHUSV0cnVlRicvJSpzeW1tZXRyaWNHRjovJShsYXJnZW9wR0Y6LyUubW92YWJsZWxpbWl0c0dGOi8lJ2FjY2VudEdGOi8lJ2xzcGFjZUdRJjAuMGVtRicvJSdyc3BhY2VHRkotRiM2J0YrLUYjNiYtRiw2JVEiTEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR0Y/L0Y2USdpdGFsaWNGJy1GMjYtUTAmQXBwbHlGdW5jdGlvbjtGJ0Y1RjhGOy9GPkY6RkBGQkZERkZGSEZLLUYjNiUtRjI2LVEiKEYnRjUvRjlGP0Y7Rj1GQEZCRkRGRi9GSVEsMC4xNjY2NjY3ZW1GJy9GTEZdby1GIzYjLUYsNiVRInhGJ0ZURlYtRjI2LVEiKUYnRjVGW29GO0Y9RkBGQkZERkZGXG8vRkxRLDAuMTExMTExMWVtRidGKy1GMjYtUSgmbWludXM7RidGNUY4RjtGZW5GQEZCRkRGRi9GSVEsMC4yMjIyMjIyZW1GJy9GTEZdcC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRJHNpbkYnL0ZVRjpGNUZYRmZuRitGK0YxRis=so if we want accuracy to within 0.01, we 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 .Equivalently, we can write: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 - 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Or this:LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYoLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEkc2luRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdub3JtYWxGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiNRIUYnLUYjNiQtRiw2JVEieEYnL0YwUSV0cnVlRicvRjNRJ2l0YWxpY0YnRjJGOkYyRjItSSNtb0dGJDYtUSgmbWludXM7RidGMi8lJmZlbmNlR0YxLyUqc2VwYXJhdG9yR0YxLyUpc3RyZXRjaHlHRjEvJSpzeW1tZXRyaWNHRjEvJShsYXJnZW9wR0YxLyUubW92YWJsZWxpbWl0c0dGMS8lJ2FjY2VudEdGMS8lJ2xzcGFjZUdRLDAuMjIyMjIyMmVtRicvJSdyc3BhY2VHRlotSSNtbkdGJDYkUSUwLjAxRidGMi1GRzYtUSYmbGVxO0YnRjJGSkZMRk5GUEZSRlRGVi9GWVEsMC4yNzc3Nzc4ZW1GJy9GZm5GX29GMg==LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYmLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2KEYrLUYjNictRiw2JVEiTEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JI21vR0YkNi1RMCZBcHBseUZ1bmN0aW9uO0YnL0Y6USdub3JtYWxGJy8lJmZlbmNlR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lKnNlcGFyYXRvckdGRC8lKXN0cmV0Y2h5R0ZELyUqc3ltbWV0cmljR0ZELyUobGFyZ2VvcEdGRC8lLm1vdmFibGVsaW1pdHNHRkQvJSdhY2NlbnRHRkQvJSdsc3BhY2VHUSYwLjBlbUYnLyUncnNwYWNlR0ZTLUYjNiYtRj02LVEiKEYnRkAvRkNGOEZFL0ZIRjhGSUZLRk1GTy9GUlEsMC4xNjY2NjY3ZW1GJy9GVUZobi1GIzYkLUYsNiVRInhGJ0Y2RjlGQC1GPTYtUSIpRidGQEZlbkZFRmZuRklGS0ZNRk9GZ24vRlVRLDAuMTExMTExMWVtRidGQEYrRkAtRj02LVElJmxlO0YnRkBGQkZFRkdGSUZLRk1GTy9GUlEsMC4yNzc3Nzc4ZW1GJy9GVUZoby1GIzYnRistRiM2Jy1GLDYlUSRzaW5GJy9GN0ZERkBGPEZWRitGQC1GPTYtUSIrRidGQEZCRkVGR0ZJRktGTUZPL0ZSUSwwLjIyMjIyMjJlbUYnL0ZVRmZwLUkjbW5HRiQ2JFElMC4wMUYnRkBGQEYrRkBGK0ZAOr this: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 AND 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We can make a plot and see for which values of LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== this is true.A2 := plot([sin, L, sin-0.01, sin+0.01], 0..Pi/3, color=[black,red,green,green] ):
display(A2,B);It looks like 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 is good between roughly x = 0.3 and x = 0.75. 1.a Make a variation of the above plot by changing the domain to be near LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYoLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JI21vR0YkNi1RIj1GJy9GM1Enbm9ybWFsRicvJSZmZW5jZUdRJmZhbHNlRicvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHRj0vJSlzdHJldGNoeUdGPS8lKnN5bW1ldHJpY0dGPS8lKGxhcmdlb3BHRj0vJS5tb3ZhYmxlbGltaXRzR0Y9LyUnYWNjZW50R0Y9LyUnbHNwYWNlR1EsMC4yNzc3Nzc4ZW1GJy8lJ3JzcGFjZUdGTC1JI21uR0YkNiRRJDAuM0YnRjkvJSdmYW1pbHlHUTBUaW1lc35OZXd+Um9tYW5GJy8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRidGOQ==, so that we can see better where LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYmLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiTEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYkLUYsNiVRInhGJ0YvRjIvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnRj0tRiw2I1EhRidGPQ== exits the (green) desired range of accuracy.We can see that 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 crosses 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 (rather than crossing LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEkc2luRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdub3JtYWxGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiNRIUYnLUYjNiQtRiw2JVEieEYnL0YwUSV0cnVlRicvRjNRJ2l0YWxpY0YnRjJGOkYyRjItSSNtb0dGJDYtUSgmbWludXM7RidGMi8lJmZlbmNlR0YxLyUqc2VwYXJhdG9yR0YxLyUpc3RyZXRjaHlHRjEvJSpzeW1tZXRyaWNHRjEvJShsYXJnZW9wR0YxLyUubW92YWJsZWxpbWl0c0dGMS8lJ2FjY2VudEdGMS8lJ2xzcGFjZUdRLDAuMjIyMjIyMmVtRicvJSdyc3BhY2VHRlotSSNtbkdGJDYkUSUwLjAxRidGMkYy).Once you understand what to look for, Maple can help:
The following command tries to find an LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYkLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy9GM1Enbm9ybWFsRic=-value between 0.2 and 0.45 for which LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYpLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2Ji1GLDYlUSJMRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSV0cnVlRicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLUkjbW9HRiQ2LVEwJkFwcGx5RnVuY3Rpb247RicvRjhRJ25vcm1hbEYnLyUmZmVuY2VHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUqc2VwYXJhdG9yR0ZCLyUpc3RyZXRjaHlHRkIvJSpzeW1tZXRyaWNHRkIvJShsYXJnZW9wR0ZCLyUubW92YWJsZWxpbWl0c0dGQi8lJ2FjY2VudEdGQi8lJ2xzcGFjZUdRJjAuMGVtRicvJSdyc3BhY2VHRlEtSShtZmVuY2VkR0YkNiQtRiM2JC1GLDYlUSJ4RidGNEY3Rj5GPkY+LUY7Ni1RIj1GJ0Y+RkBGQ0ZFRkdGSUZLRk0vRlBRLDAuMjc3Nzc3OGVtRicvRlNGam4tRiM2Ji1GLDYlUSRzaW5GJ0Y0RjdGOkZURj4tRjs2LVEnJnBsdXM7RidGPkZARkNGRUZHRklGS0ZNL0ZQUSwwLjIyMjIyMjJlbUYnL0ZTRmVvLUkjbW5HRiQ2JFElMC4wMUYnRj5GPg==.fsolve( L(x)=sin(x)+0.01, x=0.2..0.45);1.b Follow the same steps (make a new plot, use fsolve) to find the x-value where LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiTEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJ0YvRjIvJSdmYW1pbHlHUTBUaW1lc35OZXd+Um9tYW5GJy8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRicvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnRkNGPUZARkM= exits the desired accuracy on the right.1.c Make a new plot where the domain has precisely the values of LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== for which 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 is within 0.01 of 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.(If all went well) we can now conclude: Whenever LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== is in the interval (0.3095299559,0.7137249993), LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYpLUkjbW9HRiQ2LVEifkYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdub3JtYWxGJy8lJmZlbmNlR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lKnNlcGFyYXRvckdGNC8lKXN0cmV0Y2h5R0Y0LyUqc3ltbWV0cmljR0Y0LyUobGFyZ2VvcEdGNC8lLm1vdmFibGVsaW1pdHNHRjQvJSdhY2NlbnRHRjQvJSdsc3BhY2VHUSYwLjBlbUYnLyUncnNwYWNlR0ZDRitGK0YrLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiTEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnL0YwUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUZHNiNRIUYnLUYjNiQtRkc2JVEieEYnRkpGTUYvRlRGL0YvRi8= approximates LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2Ji1GLDYlUSJmRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSV0cnVlRicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLUkjbW9HRiQ2LVEwJkFwcGx5RnVuY3Rpb247RicvRjhRJ25vcm1hbEYnLyUmZmVuY2VHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUqc2VwYXJhdG9yR0ZCLyUpc3RyZXRjaHlHRkIvJSpzeW1tZXRyaWNHRkIvJShsYXJnZW9wR0ZCLyUubW92YWJsZWxpbWl0c0dGQi8lJ2FjY2VudEdGQi8lJ2xzcGFjZUdRJjAuMGVtRicvJSdyc3BhY2VHRlEtRiM2JS1GOzYtUSIoRidGPi9GQUY2RkMvRkZGNkZHRklGS0ZNL0ZQUSwwLjE2NjY2NjdlbUYnL0ZTRmZuLUYjNiMtRiw2JVEieEYnRjRGNy1GOzYtUSIpRidGPkZZRkNGWkZHRklGS0ZNRmVuL0ZTUSwwLjExMTExMTFlbUYnRitGKw== to within 0.01 . Well... actually, since those numbers are themselves only approximations (right?) and since we want a guarantee, let's state the conclusion for a slightly smaller interval, just to be safe: Whenever LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== is in the interval (0.3095299560,0.7137249992), LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYpLUkjbW9HRiQ2LVEifkYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdub3JtYWxGJy8lJmZlbmNlR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lKnNlcGFyYXRvckdGNC8lKXN0cmV0Y2h5R0Y0LyUqc3ltbWV0cmljR0Y0LyUobGFyZ2VvcEdGNC8lLm1vdmFibGVsaW1pdHNHRjQvJSdhY2NlbnRHRjQvJSdsc3BhY2VHUSYwLjBlbUYnLyUncnNwYWNlR0ZDRitGK0YrLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiTEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnL0YwUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUZHNiNRIUYnLUYjNiQtRkc2JVEieEYnRkpGTUYvRlRGL0YvRi8= approximates 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 to within 0.01 . 1.d For what values of LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== (an interval) is 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 accurate to within 0.1? Also, illustrate this with a plot. (You need to repeat everything so far, and modify it for this situation.)If you have time at the end, this is an optional/bonus problem for you.1.e. Find the linear approximation to 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 at 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 . For what values of LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYjLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEieEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJw== is the approximation accurate to within 0.01? Illustrate with a plot.(It will be easier if you use "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" rather than "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" directly, so I'll start you off with this:)f := x -> cos(2*x);D(f);Linear Approximation, Part 2Here's the linear approximation of LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEkc2luRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdub3JtYWxGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJy9GMFEldHJ1ZUYnL0YzUSdpdGFsaWNGJy8lJ2ZhbWlseUdRMFRpbWVzfk5ld35Sb21hbkYnLyUrYmFja2dyb3VuZEdRLlsyNTUsMjU1LDI1NV1GJ0YyRjJGQUZERjI= at 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 again.L := x -> cos(Pi/6)*(x - Pi/6) + sin(Pi/6);A linear approximation is good, but one can do better.A quadratic function is still not that difficult to work with,
so a quadratic approximation can be useful.
Definition: The quadratic approximation to 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 at the point x = a is:
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 = f '' (a) 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 + f ' (a) (x - a) + f (a) . Note: If 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 is the linear approximation to 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 at x = a , then
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 = 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 + f '' (a) LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2JUYrLUklbXN1cEdGJDYlLUYjNiUtSSNtb0dGJDYtUSIoRicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ25vcm1hbEYnLyUmZmVuY2VHUSV0cnVlRicvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUpc3RyZXRjaHlHRj8vJSpzeW1tZXRyaWNHRkIvJShsYXJnZW9wR0ZCLyUubW92YWJsZWxpbWl0c0dGQi8lJ2FjY2VudEdGQi8lJ2xzcGFjZUdRLDAuMTY2NjY2N2VtRicvJSdyc3BhY2VHRk8tRiM2JS1GLDYlUSJ4RicvJSdpdGFsaWNHRj8vRjtRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLUY3Ni1RKCZtaW51cztGJ0Y6L0Y+RkJGQC9GREZCRkVGR0ZJRksvRk5RLDAuMjIyMjIyMmVtRicvRlFGW28tRiw2JVEiYUYnRldGWS1GNzYtUSIpRidGOkY9RkBGQ0ZFRkdGSUZLRk0vRlFRLDAuMTExMTExMWVtRictSSNtbkdGJDYkUSIyRidGOi8lMXN1cGVyc2NyaXB0c2hpZnRHUSIwRidGK0Yr/2 . So it looks like the original linear approximation has been modified somewhat.2.a What is f '' (x) when LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYqLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiZkYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJ0YvRjIvJSdmYW1pbHlHUTBUaW1lc35OZXd+Um9tYW5GJy8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRicvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnRkMtSSNtb0dGJDYtUSI9RidGQy8lJmZlbmNlR1EmZmFsc2VGJy8lKnNlcGFyYXRvckdGSy8lKXN0cmV0Y2h5R0ZLLyUqc3ltbWV0cmljR0ZLLyUobGFyZ2VvcEdGSy8lLm1vdmFibGVsaW1pdHNHRksvJSdhY2NlbnRHRksvJSdsc3BhY2VHUSwwLjI3Nzc3NzhlbUYnLyUncnNwYWNlR0ZaLUYsNiVRJHNpbkYnL0YwRktGQ0Y1Rj1GQEZD ?Thus, the quadratic approximation to 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 at 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 is Q := x -> (-1)*sin(Pi/6)*(x-Pi/6)^2/2 + cos(Pi/6)*(x - Pi/6) + sin(Pi/6);Plot together with the linear approximation and sin(x):L := x-> cos(Pi/6)*(x - Pi/6) + sin(Pi/6):
A3 := plot( [sin,L,Q], 0..Pi/3, color=[black,red,magenta] ):
B := point( [Pi/6,sin(Pi/6)], color=black):
display(A3, B);Look at how the colors are assigned. It should be the black curve is LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEkc2luRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdub3JtYWxGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJy9GMFEldHJ1ZUYnL0YzUSdpdGFsaWNGJy8lJ2ZhbWlseUdRMFRpbWVzfk5ld35Sb21hbkYnLyUrYmFja2dyb3VuZEdRLlsyNTUsMjU1LDI1NV1GJ0YyRjJGQUZERjI=, the red curve is LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiTEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJ0YvRjIvJSdmYW1pbHlHUTBUaW1lc35OZXd+Um9tYW5GJy8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRicvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnRkNGPUZARkM=, and the magenta curve is LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiUUYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJ0YvRjIvJSdmYW1pbHlHUTBUaW1lc35OZXd+Um9tYW5GJy8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRicvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnRkNGPUZARkM=.2.b Make a new plot with larger domain, until it's obvious which curve is which. Explain how exactly you know which is which. 2.c LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiTEYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJ0YvRjIvJSdmYW1pbHlHUTBUaW1lc35OZXd+Um9tYW5GJy8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRicvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnRkNGPUZARkM= and LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiUUYnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJ0YvRjIvJSdmYW1pbHlHUTBUaW1lc35OZXd+Um9tYW5GJy8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRicvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnRkNGPUZARkM= are approximations of LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEkc2luRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdub3JtYWxGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJy9GMFEldHJ1ZUYnL0YzUSdpdGFsaWNGJy8lJ2ZhbWlseUdRMFRpbWVzfk5ld35Sb21hbkYnLyUrYmFja2dyb3VuZEdRLlsyNTUsMjU1LDI1NV1GJ0YyRjJGQUZERjI=. Which is a better approximation? Which has a simpler formula?There's also a cubic approximation using a polynomial of degree 3: approx3(x) = f ''' (a) 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 + f '' (a) LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2JUYrLUklbXN1cEdGJDYlLUYjNiUtSSNtb0dGJDYtUSIoRicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ25vcm1hbEYnLyUmZmVuY2VHUSV0cnVlRicvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUpc3RyZXRjaHlHRj8vJSpzeW1tZXRyaWNHRkIvJShsYXJnZW9wR0ZCLyUubW92YWJsZWxpbWl0c0dGQi8lJ2FjY2VudEdGQi8lJ2xzcGFjZUdRLDAuMTY2NjY2N2VtRicvJSdyc3BhY2VHRk8tRiM2JS1GLDYlUSJ4RicvJSdpdGFsaWNHRj8vRjtRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLUY3Ni1RKCZtaW51cztGJ0Y6L0Y+RkJGQC9GREZCRkVGR0ZJRksvRk5RLDAuMjIyMjIyMmVtRicvRlFGW28tRiw2JVEiYUYnRldGWS1GNzYtUSIpRidGOkY9RkBGQ0ZFRkdGSUZLRk0vRlFRLDAuMTExMTExMWVtRictSSNtbkdGJDYkUSIyRidGOi8lMXN1cGVyc2NyaXB0c2hpZnRHUSIwRidGK0Yr/2 + f ' (a) (x - a) + f (a)
= f ''' (a) LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYlLUkjbWlHRiQ2I1EhRictRiM2JUYrLUklbXN1cEdGJDYlLUYjNiUtSSNtb0dGJDYtUSIoRicvJSxtYXRodmFyaWFudEdRJ25vcm1hbEYnLyUmZmVuY2VHUSV0cnVlRicvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUpc3RyZXRjaHlHRj8vJSpzeW1tZXRyaWNHRkIvJShsYXJnZW9wR0ZCLyUubW92YWJsZWxpbWl0c0dGQi8lJ2FjY2VudEdGQi8lJ2xzcGFjZUdRLDAuMTY2NjY2N2VtRicvJSdyc3BhY2VHRk8tRiM2JS1GLDYlUSJ4RicvJSdpdGFsaWNHRj8vRjtRJ2l0YWxpY0YnLUY3Ni1RKCZtaW51cztGJ0Y6L0Y+RkJGQC9GREZCRkVGR0ZJRksvRk5RLDAuMjIyMjIyMmVtRicvRlFGW28tRiw2JVEiYUYnRldGWS1GNzYtUSIpRidGOkY9RkBGQ0ZFRkdGSUZLRk0vRlFRLDAuMTExMTExMWVtRictSSNtbkdGJDYkUSIzRidGOi8lMXN1cGVyc2NyaXB0c2hpZnRHUSIwRidGK0Yr/6 + Q(x) .2.d Make LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEiQ0YnLyUnaXRhbGljR1EldHJ1ZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJ0YvRjIvJSdmYW1pbHlHUTBUaW1lc35OZXd+Um9tYW5GJy8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRicvRjNRJ25vcm1hbEYnRkNGPUZARkM= the cubic approximation to LUklbXJvd0c2Iy9JK21vZHVsZW5hbWVHNiJJLFR5cGVzZXR0aW5nR0koX3N5c2xpYkdGJzYnLUkjbWlHRiQ2JVEkc2luRicvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSZmYWxzZUYnLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdub3JtYWxGJy1JKG1mZW5jZWRHRiQ2JC1GIzYmLUYsNiVRInhGJy9GMFEldHJ1ZUYnL0YzUSdpdGFsaWNGJy8lJ2ZhbWlseUdRMFRpbWVzfk5ld35Sb21hbkYnLyUrYmFja2dyb3VuZEdRLlsyNTUsMjU1LDI1NV1GJ0YyRjJGQUZERjI= at 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 . Then plot sin(x) together with all three approximations at 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 on the interval [-0.5,1.5]. (Give the cubic approximation the color aquamarine.)(If you did it right, the new curve will be the best approximation yet!)In fact, there are also approximations using polynomials of degree 4 and higher, which get more and more accurate on larger and larger intervals. This works not only for sin(x), but for many functions. These are called "Taylor polynomials", and they are supercool.The Mean Value TheoremMaple has a couple ways to display examples of the Mean Value Theorem nicely.Student[Calculus1][MeanValueTheorem](x^3 - 5*x^2 + 8*x - 1, x=1..3); Explain how this illustrates the Mean Value Theorem. (To do this, just answer the next three questions.)
3.a What is special about 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3.b What is the slope of blue dashed line? What is the slope of the magenta line?3.c MVT says that we're guaranteed to see something. What is this (in the plot)?The following allows you to play around with MVT examples.Student[Calculus1][MeanValueTheoremTutor](x^3 - 5*x^2 + 8*x - 1, x=1..3);3.d Find a domain for which MVT on sin(x) produces exactly 5 magenta lines.
What is that domain?